谢凌娜

 剧中花脸

名字：谢凌娜

鉴赏项目：脸谱

语录：舞台演译世间事，字正腔圆唱百态

脸谱介绍（Introduction of Peking opera mask）

脸谱作为中国的“国粹”，其形成于公元550年-577年，是中国南北朝时期，齐人将兰陵王上战场编成舞蹈、配上歌曲、佩戴面具，开始第一部京剧脸谱——《兰陵王入阵曲》。唐朝将此发展成【大面】；明朝发展成具有贵州地方戏的傩（nuó诺）戏；宋明朝开始让演员本身立体的面部五官涂上颜色；清朝乾隆将简单勾画与用色夸张化，演变成了京剧。

      脸谱是夸张的艺术。涂脸的色彩五彩缤纷，每一个颜色都代表着不同的个性特质，有红、黑、白、紫、粉红、黄、金、银、绿与蓝。脸谱的种类也非常多，基本都会以人物的性格、气质等方面作为依据，有整脸、老脸、三块瓦、十字门脸、碎脸、歪脸、破脸、意象脸和粉白奸脸，共9种。

    Peking opera mask is the quintessence of China. It was formed between year 550 and 577, citizen of Qi country wearing mask with a song and choreographer began first Beijing Opera “The Song of The King of Lanling”. The Tang Dynasty developed this into a “Da Mian”. The Ming Dynasty developed into a Nuo opera with Guizhou local feature. The Song and Ming Dynasties began to paint on face of the actors themselves. Qianlong of Qing Dynasty exaggerated lines and colors of facial painting, evolved into Peking Opera. 

     Peking opera mask is an exaggerated art. The colors of the painted face are colorful and each color represents a different personality trait, including red, black, white, purple, pink, yellow, gold, silver, green and blue. There are also many types of Peking opera mask. The types of characters are basically based on their personality and temperament. It summarized as whole face (Zhenglian), old face (Laolian), three tiles (Sankuaiwa), cross-faced face (Shizimenlian), crushed face (Suilian), crooked face (Wailian), broken face (Polian), imagination face (Yixianglian) and pink white face (Fenbaijianlian). There are 9 types of Facial Painting.

 

心得（Appreciation）

    我绘画了五个作品，分别是廉颇、刘唐、李靖、库神与周处。廉颇是粉红六分脸，表示他作为战国末期赵国忠勇老将军；刘唐是蓝色十字门脸，表示他是《水浒传》中刚强阴险的英雄武将；李靖是红色三块瓦，表示他是《西游记》中忠勇侠义的神仙，此外，他额头中间有着金色的戟形，寓意吉祥中的“吉”；库神是绿色花三块瓦以及脑门上有一个金钱符号，其形象都表示了库神是守金库的绿林好汉；最后，周处是红色与粉色得碎脸，表示了在年迈之时做好事，并且成为了身份不高的豪强之人。

在此，我想要说一说一些个人心得。对于脸谱的第一个印象就是演员在脸上勾画得非常夸张的线条表演京剧。一开始是不了解脸谱上每一个图案或者是符号的含义，甚至对于脸谱的主色感到困惑，怎么会有演员把脸涂上紫色、绿色之类的。经过了了解，才知道脸谱上每一个色彩、每一个图案都是具有其中的含义呢！

在脸谱制作过程，自己尝试勾画脸谱线条的时候，我会仔细观察角色脸部特质，将其一一呈现在面具上。我不得不承认，脸谱看似简单，但是在制作过程之中才知道了其难所在，需要非常深的功力才可以一笔到底画出各种各样的线条以及需要左右脸一致。可谓是学在苦中求，艺在勤中练，脸谱艺术也需要一直不断去练习的。

In painting five masks, which is Lian Po, Liu Tang, Li Jing, Ku Shen and Zhou Chu. Lian Po has a pink six-pointed face, indicating that he was a loyal and veteran general of Zhao Country in the late Warring States period; Liu Tang has a blue cross face, indicating that he is a strong and sinister hero and general in story of "Shui Hu"; Li Jing is a red three-tile face, indicating that he is a loyal and chivalrous god in "Journey to the West". In addition, he has a golden halberd shape in the middle of his forehead, which means "good luck"; Kushen is a green three tiles face and a money symbol on his forehead. His image indicates that Kushen is a green forest hero who guards the treasury; Lastly, Zhou Chu has a broken face in red and pink, indicating that he is doing good deeds when he is old. So, he has become a man of not high status.