张明萱

 声

姓名：张明萱 TEOH MING XUAN

鉴赏项目：相声

语录：声的形式各不同，而我以相声形式表达

 

相声的介绍（Introduction of Crosstalk – Official Script）

相声（Crosstalk），是一种中国民间曲艺表演。相声是以说、学、逗、唱来突现它的特点。著名的相声演员有侯宝林、郭德纲等。

     相声来自三个发源地：北京天桥、天津劝业和南京夫子庙。相声的艺术出自于华北，流行在京津冀，普遍至全中国及海内外。相声是以说笑话或滑稽问答，能够让观众发笑的曲艺形式。

     相声的内容时提供包袱的，会常常给观众提供假象，将真相藏了起来。这样促使了观众主动的进行思考，因而加强了双方之间的思想交流。相声表演采取直接面向观众的方式。许多的相声演员还直接向观众提问，或解答观众提出的问题，并满足观众的要求。这也加强了演员与观众的联系与交流。在欣赏相声的过程中，虽然观众一般不能直接与演员进行对话，却能通过笑声表达自己的观点和态度。另外，在许多相声表演中，捧哏演员的话往往代表了观众的观点，捧哏演员往往是作为观众的代言人与逗哏演员进行对话。

        Crosstalk is a kind of Chinese music performance. Crosstalk is to speak, learn, tease, and sing to highlight its characteristics. The famous cross-talk actors include Hou Baolin, Guo Degang and others.

         Crosstalk comes from three places: Beijing, Tianjin and Nanjing. The art of crosstalk originated in North China, and is popular in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei, and is widespread throughout China and abroad. Crosstalk is a form of music that tells jokes or asks questions and answers that can make the audience laugh.

        The content of crosstalk will often provide the audience with an illusion and hide the truth. This prompts the audience to take the initiative to think, which can strengthen the exchange of ideas between the two sides. Cross-talk performances take a direct-to-audience approach. Many cross-talk actors also ask questions directly to the audience, or answer questions raised by the audience, and meet the audience's requirements. This strengthens the connection and communication between the actors and the audience. In the process of enjoying crosstalk, although the audience generally cannot directly dialogue with the actors, they can express their views and attitudes through laughter. In addition, in many crosstalk performances, the words of the actor often represent the audience's point of view, and the actor often acts as a spokesperson for the audience to have a dialogue with the actor.

 

鉴赏与心得（Appreciation）

相声的表演形式分为三种，那就是单口相声、对口相声以及群口相声。

单口相声是由一个演员去表演的，通常是以讲述笑话，或者以表演叙述故事为主。演员会一人饰演多角，一个人能够表演不同的角色。长篇单口相声，通常分为数次表演，类似于评书，但更注重笑料。单口相声它兼有故事和笑话的艺术特点。

而对口相声是由两个演员表演，一个人是捧哏，另一个人是逗哏，通常是有“一头沉”和“子母哏”两个类型。

群口相声又称之“群活”，是由三个演员以上去表演的。

There are three forms of cross-talk performance, namely stand-up comedy, crosstalk and group crosstalk. 

Stand-up comedy is performed by one actor, usually is performed by telling jokes or telling a story as priority.  Actors will play multiple roles, and one person be in different roles. Long stand-up comedy, usually divided into several performances, similar to storytelling, but pays more attention to jokes. Stand-up comedy it combines the artistic characteristics of stories and jokes. The counterpart performed by two actors. Group crosstalk performed by more than three actors。

通过这次课业，我开始学习相声。经过着两、三个月的磨练后，学习相声不仅提升了我的言语水平，更让我了解了相声的艺术。

     此次艺术展主题我定为 – 《声》。我认为学习相声后都能对各个相声演员的作品能够了解他们对相声的热情和演绎方式，但是我们需保持谦虚学习，练习自身对相声的感悟。只要不轻易放弃，我相信学习相声和喜爱相声能够传承下去。

        Through this coursework, I began to learn crosstalk. After two or three months of training, learning crosstalk not only improved my speech level, but also made me understand the art of crosstalk. The theme of this art exhibition is "Sound". I think that after learning crosstalk, we can understand the passion and interpretation of the works of various crosstalk actors, but we need to keep learning and practice our own perception of crosstalk. As long as, I don't give up easily, I believe that learning crosstalk and loving crosstalk can be passed on.