纸上世界
姓名：蔡慧爱
鉴赏项目：剪纸
语录：镂空之美必“线线相连”与“线线相断”
剪纸的介绍 Introduction of
Paper-Cutting
剪纸是中国一种优美又普及的镂空的民间艺术，寓意深刻。剪纸的相关素材与农民生活息息相关，他们在纸张上使用创造性的图形来记事和内容呈现。剪纸的由来是来自于先民的图案记录方式。从一些考古遗存发现，剪纸至迟在北朝（386-581）时候就产生。隋唐以后，剪纸艺术日趋繁荣。到了宋朝，开始出现了剪纸行业和剪纸名家。到了宋代，剪纸开始普及。而明清时代，是剪纸的高峰期，其艺术作品已与人们日常生活、节庆相结合。简言之，剪纸艺术的来源是由纸张的产生而产生（汉代时期）。民间剪纸艺术在南北朝时期得到了成熟的发展，而真正繁盛却是在清朝中期以后。
Paper-cutting is a
beautiful and popular hollow-out folk art in China, with profound meaning. The
relevant materials of paper-cutting are closely related to the lives of
farmers. They use creative graphics on the paper to record and present the
content. The origin of paper-cutting comes from the pattern recording method of
the ancestors. According to some archaeological remains, paper-cuts were
produced as early as the Northern Dynasties (386-581). After the Sui and Tang
Dynasties, the art of paper-cutting became more and more prosperous. In the
Song Dynasty, the paper-cutting industry and famous paper-cutting experts began
to appeared. In the Song Dynasty, paper-cutting became popular. The Ming and
Qing Dynasties were the peak period of paper-cutting, and their art works have
been integrated with people's daily life and festivals. In short, the origin of
paper-cutting art is produced by the production of paper (Han Dynasty). Folk
paper-cutting art developed maturely during the Southern and Northern
Dynasties, but its real prosperity was after the mid-Qing Dynasty.
鉴赏与心得 Appreciation
在作品鉴赏方面：双鱼，金鱼是财富的象征，而一对鱼象征着伉俪美满的情意，也寓意多子多福、人丁旺盛；团花，圆形的剪纸纹样，象征了圆满完整；立体春字，每逢佳节，人们可把它加流苏挂起来，以表示吉祥寓意；熊猫抱竹，熊猫代表吉祥，而竹代表节节高，熊猫抱竹隐喻了抱竹喜庆，隐喻好事将降临；扁担挑水，展现了以前农村家的生活样貌。
综上所述，剪纸步骤由构思图案与剪刻。在剪刻时，阳纹（留下线条）要求“线线相连”，阴纹（去除线条）要求“线线相断”。剪纸作品由于是在纸上剪出或刻出的，因此必须采取镂空的技巧。由于镂空，就形成了阳纹的剪纸必须线线相连。剪纸很讲究线条，因为剪纸的画面就是由线条构成的。剪纸在处理形象时，既要抓住物象特征，又得做到线条连接自然。在构风景图造型的剪纸时，在构图上剪纸不同于其他绘画。它较难表现在于空间、场景和形象的层层重叠，对于形象在内容上的联系，需要使用组合的手法，如对称、均齐、平衡、组合等处理。剪纸艺术特点主要表现在刀味及内涵等等许多方面。剪纸较多使用到“锯齿纹”和“月牙纹”，以便达到一个东西的象形与特征。这技巧是在制作过程中，由于纸和刀的切割移动而自然产生的，利用锯齿的长短、疏密、曲直、刚柔、钝锐的变比，结合不同物象的特征，表现它的质感、量感、结构等。
In terms of appreciation
of works: Pisces and goldfish are symbols of wealth, and a pair of fishes
symbolises the happy affection of the couple, and also implies a wealth of
children and prosperity; the group of flowers, the round paper-cut pattern,
symbolises completeness; three-dimensional of the word "chun" can be
hung with tassels during the festive season to express auspicious meaning;
pandas embrace bamboo, pandas represent auspiciousness, and bamboo stands for
ever-higher, pandas embrace bamboo metaphors for the celebration of the
bamboos, metaphors that good things will come; The pole carries water, showing
the life of the rural family in the past.
In summary, the steps of
paper-cutting consists of conceiving patterns and cutting. During the cutting,
the positive pattern (leave the line) requires "the line to connect",
and the negative pattern (the line is removed) requires "the line is
disconnected". Since the paper-cut works are cut out or carved out on
paper, the technique of hollowing out must be adopted. Because of the
hollowing, the paper-cuts that form the positive pattern must be connected by
lines. Paper-cutting pays attention to lines, because the picture of
paper-cutting is composed of lines. When paper-cutting deals with the image, it
is necessary to grasp the characteristics of the object and to connect the
lines naturally. When framing the paper-cutting of the landscape shape, the
paper-cutting in the composition is different from other paintings. It is more
difficult to express the overlapping layers of space, scene and image. For the
connection of the image in the content, it is necessary to use combination
methods, such as symmetry, uniformity, balance, combination and so on. The
characteristics of paper-cutting art are mainly manifested in many aspects such
as knife taste and connotation. Paper-cutting often uses "sawtooth
pattern" and "crescent pattern" in order to achieve the
pictogram and characteristics of a thing. This technique is naturally produced
during the production process due to the cutting and movement of paper and
knife. It uses the length, density, straightness, rigidity and softness, and
bluntness ratio of the sawtooth to and combine the characteristics of different
objects to express its texture, sense of volume, structure, etc.
慧爱同学好，我认同关于剪纸的相关素材是与农民生活息息相关的。剪纸这门艺术的原先用途其实就跟中国结一样的，是拿来记事的。当然也跟中国结一样，剪纸后来成了富有寓意的艺术和代表，也象征着人们对生活的祝福和希望。慧爱同学的作品里头，我最喜欢的是《熊猫抱竹》。首先是那讨人喜欢的图案，其次是它的寓意，“抱竹喜庆，隐喻好事将降临让人”，如同其图案一样，有着让人欢喜的祝福。
ReplyDelete除了有对称形式的剪纸，我在慧爱同学的剪纸作品中也看到了非对称的剪纸作品，立体式的剪纸作品。通过慧爱同学的讲解，我也了解了她作品所隐含的寓意，其中最让我感兴趣的便是《熊猫抱竹》和《挑水的农家女子》，除了因为有较多的细节之外，也体现出了不同以往的剪纸形式。
ReplyDelete慧爱同学，你好！我一直觉得剪纸这门中华艺术十分简单，就画出图案，依据图案的线条剪即可。但观看你的视频后，我才发现剪纸虽然看似简单，但实际上其步骤也有一定的难度。慧爱同学剪出的作品有一定的难度性，且含有挑战性，对此我十分赞叹，尤其是“扁担挑水”的作品。“扁担挑水”在构思图案时，就必须先下一番功夫，因为画得不好的话，剪出来的成品将失去其形象特征。在剪的步骤，也必然需要足够的耐心及细心，稍微不慎，就会出差错。欣赏你拥有足够的耐心、细心！
ReplyDelete慧爱同学你好。我觉得你的《熊猫抱竹》和《扁担挑水》极具挑战性但也完整得挺不错的。任何人要掌握剪纸这门艺术，就需要有耐心和细心，一步一步地剪出图案，容不了半点差池，否则就得重头来过。由此可见，慧爱同学是非常用心地完成这几种剪纸！
ReplyDelete你好，慧爱。在我还没观看你的视频呈现时，我一直以为在早期只能使用甲骨文或结绳来记事，没想到剪纸出了观赏性外，也能起到图案记录方式的作用，感谢你让我学到了未曾接触的知识。除此之外，我也非常喜欢你的其中一个作品——象征和平的熊猫和寓意长寿的竹子，而其中的“镂空之美”想必也是非常考验你的耐心，很开心你能顺利完成以上作品！希望有机会和你继续交流。
ReplyDelete慧爱同学好，通过你的视频我才知道原来剪纸张是为了记载事件。一直以来以为剪纸只不过是为了在过年的时候图个吉利，剪几个吉祥物贴门窗。剪纸的步骤也不容易，下刀的每一步都要很小心以防剪坏了。同学真的非常用心去完成这副艺术品也解释得非常清晰，让人可以更加了解剪纸的艺术文化。我很喜欢那个熊猫抱竹，寓意很好，构思创意非常适合过年送给亲朋好友。此外，剪纸艺术真的内藏深奥的学问和复杂的技巧，要完成一个成品真的需要耗费不少心血和时间。
ReplyDelete慧爱同学你好。我非常喜欢你的剪纸作品。通过你的分享，我第一次了解到原来剪纸的由来是和古代农民生活有关的，是图案记录方式。可以看出同学在每幅剪纸作品都非常用心的去完成。我非常喜欢你所剪的《熊猫抱竹》，熊猫真的很可爱。熊猫的外形结构和身体特征掌握的都特别好，竹子也剪得十分精致。希望有机会可以和你学习剪纸，特别是《熊猫抱竹这幅作品》。
ReplyDelete