邓华莉

 一剪“没”

姓名：邓华莉

鉴赏项目：剪纸

语录：一张纸，一把剪刀，咔嚓咔嚓，万物重现

 

剪纸的介绍（Introduction of paper cutting）

    剪纸，又叫刻纸，窗花或剪画。剪纸就是用剪刀或刻刀在纸上剪、刻出人物、花鸟、禽兽、虫鱼、山水等形象，用这些凸凹图案表达祝福、驱邪、劝勉、警戒、趣味等寓意。剪纸具有悠久的历史，同时也是中国最为流行的民间艺术之一。剪纸艺术的起源主要可以归结为以下三种：

    第一种是巫术。其形式可追溯到最早的艺术形式——岩画。古人会在岩石上绘制动物等形象，原是基于一种巫术仪式，或是作为部落的图腾符号加以膜拜。因此，剪纸艺术起源于人类对大自然的敬畏和顶礼膜拜。

    第二种是记事。刚刚说到的岩画艺术，也是一种记事的表现。因为古人会利用形象的刻画教会族人认识这种猎物的长相、习性以及捕捉技巧等；或是用于记录部落里发生的重大事件或喜庆场面。这种记录形式的延续在现代剪纸艺术中依然能够发现。

    第三种是技艺传承。因为在造纸术发明之前，古人传承技艺的方式通常是刻在石头上，后来青铜器的发明又使得一些纹样以青铜的方式记录，后人渐渐发现这种技艺传承的模板具有独特的美感，于是开始利用金银的形式制作这种早期的剪纸形式用来装饰，直到造纸术的发明以后，对这些装饰图案的传承才有了更为方便快捷的方式。

    此外，剪纸的基本材料是纸张。它可以是单色的，也可是多彩的，不过普遍以红色为主要色彩。除此之外，剪纸的装饰语言是非常多样化的。它可以有长短线，有弧线，有锯齿线，也可以有叶纹、圆点花朵等等的装饰语言都会运用在剪纸的形式里面。

    Paper cutting also known as paper carving, window painting or cutting. Paper cutting is the use of scissors or carving knives to cut and engrave images of people, flowers, birds, animals, insects and fish, landscapes and other images on paper. These convex and concave patterns express blessings, exorcism, exhortation, caution, fun and other symbolic meanings. Paper cutting has a long history and is also one of the most popular folk arts in China. The origins of the art of paper-cutting can be attributed to the  three main types.

    The first is witchcraft. Its form can be traced back to the earliest form of art, rock painting. The ancient people would draw images such as animals on rocks which was originally based on a witchcraft ritual or worshiped as tribal totem symbols. Thus, the art of paper-cutting originated from the awe  and worship of human beings to nature.

    The second is notation. The rock art just mentioned is also an expression of notation. Because the ancient people will use the imagery of the carving to teach the tribe to know the appearance, habits and capture skill of the prey; or used to record the major events or joyful scenes in the tribe. The continuation of this form of recording can still be found in modern paper-cutting art.

    The third is the transmission of skills. Because before the invention of papermaking, the way the ancients passed on their skills was usually engraved on stones. Later, the invention of bronze made some patterns recorded in bronze. The descendants  gradually found that the template inherited from this skill transmission had a unique sense of beauty, so they began to use the form of gold and silver to produce this early form of paper cutting for decoration. After the invention of paper making, the transmission of these decorative patterns became more convenient and quicker.

    In addition, the basic material for paper cutting is paper. It can be monochromatic or multi-colored, although red is generally the dominant color. Then, the decorative language of paper-cutting is very diverse. It can have long and short lines, curved lines, jagged lines, leaf patterns, dotted flowers, and others. The decorative languages will be used in the form of paper cutting.

 

鉴赏

“福”字剪纸：

“福”象征福气还有幸福。一般都会贴在门上来迎春纳福，表示来年会有福气。

 

“囍”字剪纸：

“囍”字剪纸一般出现在婚嫁、满月、乔迁等节庆习俗中。“囍”字能够祝愿夫妻和睦、长者延年益寿等等。它可以营造一个非常喜庆的氛围。

 

“鱼”的图形剪纸：

“鱼”有祥瑞的象征，而且“鱼”和年年有余的“余”是谐音，因此“鱼”在春节的剪纸中有吉祥的意象。

 

“春”字的剪纸：

“春”被誉为吉祥、喜庆、幸福和希望。但，更多用于春节祝福。

 

Paper cutout of the character "Fu":

The word "Fu" symbolizes good fortune and happiness. It is usually pasted on the door to welcome the Chinese New Year and to show that there will be good fortune in the coming year.

"Double happiness" paper cutting:

"Double happiness" generally appears in festivals such as weddings, full moon, housewarming and other festivals. The word "happiness" is used to wish for harmony between husband and wife, longevity for the elderly and so on. It can create a very festive atmosphere.

 

Graphic decoupage of "Fish":

"Fish" is a symbol of good luck, and "fish" is harmonious with "Yu", which means " Yearly surplus" in Chinese. The "fish" has auspicious imagery in the paper cutting of the Spring Festival.

 

Paper cutouts of the Chinese character "chun":

"chun" is known as auspicious, joyful, happy and hopeful. However, it is more used for Spring Festival blessings.