曾芯仪

 静绣平安

姓名：曾芯仪

鉴赏项目：刺绣

语录： “一针一线”均是情，“绣出平安”靠辛勤

刺绣的介绍

    刺绣，也称“绣花”或者“丝绣”，是中国民间传统手工艺之一。在古代，刺绣多为女性所制，故属“女红”的一个重要部分。刺绣与养蚕、缫丝分不开，而中国则是世界上最早发现与使用蚕丝的国家。人们在四五千年前就已经开始了养蚕、缫丝了。所以随着蚕丝的使用，丝织品的产生与发展，手工刺绣工艺也逐渐兴起。刺绣在不同的地方，有着不同的风格，而最出名的就是四大名绣，即苏州的苏绣、四川的蜀绣、湖南的湘绣和广东的粤绣。简言之，中国刺绣主要有苏绣、湘绣、蜀绣和粤绣四大门类。

 

Introduction of Embroidery

    Embroidery, also known as “embroidered”or “silk embroidery”, is one of the traditional Chinese folk handicrafts. In ancient times, embroidery was mostly made by women, so it was an important part of “fancywork”. Embroidery is inseparable from sericulture and silk reeling, and China was the first country in the world that discovered and used silk. People started sericulture and silk reeling 4,000 to 5,000 years ago. Therefore, with the use of silkworms, silk weaving was created and developed, and the craft of hand embroidery gradually emerged. Embroidery has different styles in different places, and the most famous ones are the four famous embroideries, namely Suzhou embroidery, Sichuan embroidery, Hunan embroidery and Guangdong embroidery. In short, there are four main categories of Chinese embroideries which are Suzhou, Hunan, Shu and Guangdong.

 

鉴赏与心得

手工刺绣指以手工方式，用针和线把人的设计和制作添加在任何存在的织物上的一种艺术。它是中国文化艺术的代表之一。按刺绣的面划分，刺绣可分为单面绣和双面绣。单面绣，即看到的只有正面这一面，双面绣则是正反两面都可以观看。而我的第一个作品正是单面绣，第二个作品则是双面绣。

刺绣的针法变化万千，且各有特色。在第一个作品，即竹子单面绣中一共使用了四种刺绣针法，即缎面绣、直线绣、轮廓绣以及长短针绣。第二个作品中，即带有古风的双面绣则是使用了缎面绣、直线绣、轮廓绣和回针绣。

刺绣的每一副题材都有着深厚的含义。比如第一个作品中的竹子，正是花中四君子之一，是君子的象征，是中国传统文化的题材。此外，竹子也有着平安的寓意，常用来祝福平安吉祥。而第二个作品中分别有花，月亮以及兔子。首先是花。花卉图案在传统观念中一般寓意着花开富贵，而作品中的梅花则有着吉祥，平安的寓意。梅花有五瓣，象征着五福，也就是快乐、幸福、长寿、顺利与和平。其次是月亮，月亮也是有着十分丰富的寓意和象征。月亮是人类相思情感的载体，寓意着恋人间的相思，也表达了人们对故乡以及亲人朋友的怀念。因此，人们会借助这个月亮表达思念之情。接下来是兔子，兔子也有着很多寓意，比如积极、善良、超越、和平、长寿等。在第二个作品中的兔子正望着月亮看，而动物望月是中国古代瓷器上常见的题材，比如麒麟望月、飞马望月等，这些都是赋予了向往月宫那种安详、宁和氛围的美好寓意。

从作品一至作品二，我一共是花了大约五天的时间来完成。刺绣说容易也不容易，说难也不难，因为对于初学者来说，刚开始难免会觉得很难，但是有了基础后就不会觉得难了。刺绣其实是不难的，难的是坚持下去。因为刺绣就是拿针一针针的刺，除了需要仔细，需要耐心，需要时间，更需要能坚持下去，所以如果一个人坐不住，静不下心，坚持不了，那么也就绣不下去了。

刺绣是一种细活，必须要专注仔细，因为一不小心就会绣错，一分心就会刺伤自己，所以学刺绣也有助于提升专注力，磨练我们的耐心。最后，通过刺绣更让我明白了一个道理：也就是，做人要坚持不懈，做事则不能三分钟热度，甚至是迎难而退。

 

Appreciation

Hand embroidery refers to the way by hand, is an art of adding human designs and fabrication to any existing fabric using needles and threads. It is one of the representatives of Chinese culture and art. According to the division by the face of the embroidery, embroidery can be divided into single-sided embroidery and double-sided embroidery. Single-sided embroidery means that only the front side can be seen while double-sided embroidery means that both sides can be viewed. My first work was single-sided embroidery, and my second work was double-sided embroidery.

There are many different stitches used in embroidery and each has its own characteristics. In the first work (single-sided bamboo embroidery), a total of four embroidery stitches are used, namely satin, straight, outline and long and short stitches. In the second work (double-sided embroidery with an antique style), satin, straight, outline and backstitch embroidery are used.

Each of the embroidered themes has a deep meaning. For example, the bamboo in the first work is one of the Four Gentlemen of Flowers, which is a symbol of the gentleman and a theme of traditional Chinese culture. In addition, bamboo also has a symbolic meaning of peace and is often used to wish for peace and good fortune. The second work contains flowers, a moon and a rabbit. The first is the flower. In traditional concepts, flower patterns generally imply wealth and prosperity while the plum blossom in the work has a symbolic meaning of auspiciousness and peace. The plum blossom has five petals, symbolising the five blessings of happiness, blessedness, longevity, smoothness and peace. Next is the moon, which also has a very rich meaning and symbol. The moon is a carrier of human lovesickness, implying the lovesickness between lovers and also expressing people's nostalgia for their hometown, their relatives and friends. Therefore, people will use this moon to express their feelings of longing. Next is the rabbit, which also has many meanings, such as positivity, kindness, transcendence, peace, longevity and so on. The rabbit in the second work is looking at the moon and animals looking at the moon is a common theme on ancient Chinese porcelain, such as a qilin looking at the moon, the pegasus looking at the moon, etc. which are given the beautiful meaning of yearning for the peaceful and tranquil atmosphere of the moon palace.

From work one (single-sided bamboo embroidery) to work two (double-sided embroidery with an antique style), it took me about five days to complete. Embroidery is not easy but also not difficult, because for beginners, it is difficult at first but it won't be difficult after getting the basics. Embroidery is difficult to stick to it because embroidery is to take a needle and stab it one by one, what is it needs carefulness, patience, time and persistence, so if a person can't sit still, can't quietly concentrate and can't persist, then embroidering won’t be able to continue.

Embroidery is a kind of fine work, we must focus on it carefully, because if we are not careful, we will make mistakes like embroider wrongly and if we are distracted, we will stab ourselves. Therefore, learning to embroider can help to improve concentration and hone our patience. Lastly, through embroidery, I understood a truth: that is you have to be persistent and you can't do things for three minutes or even retreat from a difficult task.